1. The fall of China's most powerful arsenal

One of the major faults of the modern Chinese military is its weak manufacturing capability, but to this fault, the Eastern Provinces Arsenal will never agree.

This Zhang Zuolin's baby bump, although the start of the late development speed but wildly, 1922 listed, six years later there are 20,000 people scale 8,000 machines, the standard Chinese arsenal giant.

How good is it? German machines produce full-time munitions, complete military training schools, and "scientific research institutes", production, learning and research and development of one-stop, the Japanese Army A Division has, crooked handle extremely strong 13-type heavy machine guns 160 howitzers? Japan dares to have the Three Eastern Provinces Arsenal will dare to build! The Japs do not have, such as World War II European familiar face - Austria 100 light howitzers, as usual!

Independent research and development capabilities have also soared, with the development of a 240mm howitzer and a two-ton "Minsheng" car, all of which were firsts for Chinese industry. Production was renewed to a high level, with an annual output of 60,000 guns and 150 artillery pieces. After the change of flag in the Northeast, some Japanese militarists were hysterical: how many Chinese armies have been equipped by the arsenals in the Eastern provinces since then!

However, after the 9.18 shelling, the arsenals in the three eastern provinces fell late the next night, and the stock of 100,000 guns and 50 cannons were all given to the Kwantung Army as a gift. It was later transformed into the "Fengtian Ordnance Factory", with 30,000 workers at most. It became the main arms production base of the Japanese army in China. Aircraft bombs alone produced 250 kilograms a year, eight years of war against Japan threw in China, some of the Japanese bombs are made in Fengtian!

In 1944, the U.S. Air Force bombed this place to the point of complete paralysis, and in 1945, the Soviet Red Army, which had arrived on the scene, emptied and destroyed all the remaining machines in the plant. This place of hope for China's arms industry in the Republic of China era was completely withdrawn from the stage of history.

2. The tragic self-sinking of the Northeast Navy

In the Beiyang era, what shook the lords of Fengtian Group was often the strong army. In fact, the naval strength of the Northeast Army was also the best in China at that time!

How could Zhang Zuolin, who came from the dry insurance team, have a sense of sea power? In fact, it is beaten out, the first straight war, the straight line of warlords of the iron armor gunboats, in the Qinhuangdao war, Zhang Zuolin almost bombarded to collapse, even at night do not dare to turn on the lights. Zhang Zuolin's eyes blew up and he made up his mind: you have? I have to have it too!

Zhang Zuolin as long as the determination, things usually soar. To Jilin Heilongjiang's river defense fleet as a team, with a wise eye, selected the navy general Shen Honglie as commander, and from then on painstakingly. Also set up a naval academy - three eastern provinces navigation police school. This school has moved to Yichang and Wanxian in the war years, has been indomitable existence. Is the weak Chinese navy's most tenacious blood machine, a number of blood-bath naval officers and men of the war, are out of here!

And quickly strong, but the northeastern naval strength, in addition to vigorously buy ships to add guns, and annexed the Bohai fleet. The most prosperous era, with the size of twenty-one ships, 32,200 tons, accounting for three quarters of the Republic of China Navy.

It is particularly worth mentioning that Shen Honglie also had a big idea, set up a "sea flight team", that is, the shipborne aircraft attack group, the battleship Zhenhai as the mother ship, carrying two seaplanes, specializing in the implementation of reconnaissance and bombing missions. Can be called the modern Chinese navy, the earliest cottage aircraft carrier.

The outbreak of September 18, "non-resistance" order, the Northeast Navy's inland river defense fleet, also fell into the hands of the Japanese sadly. Since then this powerful navy, more after a number of split and bloody battles. 1937 Japanese invasion of Qingdao, "cottage aircraft carrier" Zhenhai, also sank in Qingdao small harbor pier indignation. In the Battle of Songhu, the Northeast Navy's "Haiqi" and "Haichen" also sank in Jiangyin Fortress. The body of steel, sadly donated in the fire of the war!

3. The stifling Northeast Air Force

The end of the Northeast Air Force is much more deplorable than the tragic self-sinking of the Northeast Navy!

Zhang Xueliang visited Japan in 1921, was the Japanese air force magnificent flight performance on the spot surprised, surprised after also made up his mind: air force, must!

Since then, build the air force this, the Zhang family father and son have made blood money, on the strength of the investment, far more than the Navy. Zhang Xueliang personally served as the Northeast Air Force "Flying Peng team" captain, buy airplanes to build a flight school and other major events, everything to hard to do.

Northeastern pilots alone, in 1925, twenty-eight top students were selected and sent to France to receive special training. And then in France, the rapid progress of technology, even the arrogant European air force are convinced, and even came to dig the corner.

The same high-precision, but also technical equipment, on the basic French-Italian aircraft-based, more home modified fighter, known as Liao F1, is absorbing the advantages of the two German-French fighter research and development, catching up with the European level.

What was even more enviable to the other air force teams in China was the actual combat experience. Having fought against the mighty Soviet Air Force in the Middle East War, they had seen the world's top battles!

By 1931, the Northeast Air Force already had three hundred planes, with a large number of hardened top pilots, can be said to have the experience, equipment and technology, recognized as the strongest force of the Chinese air force. Who knows the night of September 18, the Northeast Air Force, suddenly received the Northeast Army Chief of Staff Rong Zhen strict orders: the Japanese army trouble, no resistance! In hindsight, this proved to be a fatal order!

Late at night the next day, the defenseless Shenyang Dongta Airport, first by the Japanese one hour bombing, and then bloodless occupation, three hundred planes with just arrived from the Czech Republic aircraft parts, all became the Japanese trophies. Those top Chinese pilots of the Northeast Air Force, from then on, like war eagles leaving the nest, went their separate ways, belonging to different units to fight against the Japanese battlefield. But the powerful Northeast Air Force, just like this in a most miserable way to give up.

Twenty years ago, the CCTV drama "long sky beacon", the veteran actor Liu Wei played the flight captain of the Northeast, carrying a mutilated map of China martyrdom scene, how many viewers once caused tears. And this scene should be how many northeast army pilots common pathos lament!

4. Killing Yang Yu-Ting destroys the city itself.

Eastern Province Arsenal, the Northeast Navy, these two Feng Group back in the golden signboard, behind a strong man silent busy - Yang Yu-ting!

As Zhang Zuolin's right-hand man, Zhang Xueliang's "old uncle", Yang Yuting in all kinds of Republic of China drama, basically is a traitor, but in the history of the development of the Northeast, it is hard work: Northeast Navy is the first to propose him, Shen Honglie is his strong recommendation. Eastern Province Arsenal, but also when he was the director of the factory single-handedly operated powerful. Weapons research and development and strong production results, all his blood.

Of course this all-powerful strongman is also the most hated Chinese in the Japanese Kwantung Army for more than a decade, bar none!

Why do you hate him? Because Yang Yu-ting not only can do, more able to rely on, for example, clearly promised Japan's railroad privileges, backhanded on the repair of the war highway, easy to call the Japanese people to work for nothing. As for many times and Japan negotiations, more negotiation kung fu to play to the extreme, often the Japanese people lead by the nose to go, make trouble in the end a empty.

Such a character, naturally called the Japanese hate to home. Even the Japanese run "Shengjing Daily", specifically a column to scold Yang Yuting. Hate him this thing, everyone on earth knows!

So when Zhang Zuolin was martyred in Huanggutun, the Japanese were very determined in their struggle at that time. Summarized by the scholar Katsumi Shirai, "absolutely hated Yang Yuting and opposed his assumption of power in the three eastern provinces." Consequences are known, not only as desired, but also exceeded the desired. Yang Yu-ting not only did not take power, but also was killed by Zhang Xueliang!

Two years later, the September 18th Incident shocked the world, the Republic of China master Hu Shi, but also shocked to recall Yang Yuting: if Yang Yuting alive, "the four northeastern provinces will not be so easily lost"!

5. The tragic spectacle of "non-resistance"

The most infamous and painful three words of the September 18 Incident are "non-resistance"!

It was Rong Zhen, Chief of Staff of the Northeast Border Defense Army, who conveyed this order to the Northeast Army in a stormy manner that night. Wang Yizhe, commander of the Northeast Army's 7th Brigade, made an urgent call after being attacked by the Japanese, requesting his troops to return fire, saying that if they didn't, they would be killed. Who knows, but waited for a shameless answer from Rong Zhen: "No resistance, no movement, put your guns in storage and hold them up to die."

Shameless orders came with tragic consequences: a number of soldiers literally stayed put and lay straight on their beds to be bayoneted to death by the Japanese. There are also soldiers fleeing in a hurry, was chased by the Japanese army to death. This massacre scene, decades later a number of Japanese veterans lamented: how they did not fight back?

Communicate the order of Rongzhen, September 18th Incident four years after the promotion of Lieutenant General, the outbreak of the war threw to the Japanese hypocrites, at one time did the pseudo-hebei provincial governor, did a small well-known traitor.

In this national tragedy, the chairman of Liaoning Province, Zang Shiyi, has become a joke. Shenyang has been occupied, he still stupidly said "the Japanese army's maneuvers will soon be over, right". Then he was placed under house arrest by the Japanese army, and then became a traitor, and his mother killed herself in anger. After the Japanese surrendered, he was sent to the Soviet Union for a number of years before being sent back in 1956.

And look at what the Northeast Army senior management are doing that day, we know that Japan chose this day to do big things, how shrewd: Acting Commander of the Northeast Army Zhang Zuoxiang, that day is in Jinzhou to his father's funeral, the Chief of Staff Rong Zhen, but in the old man's birthday, is drinking a lot of wine. The chairman of Heilongjiang Province, Wan Fulin, was even farther away in Beiping, and none of them were at work.

Before the September 18th Incident, all the cadres in charge of the Northeast were of this kind, so how could they not be lost?

6. Who actually ordered the "non-resistance"?

Who actually gave the order of non-resistance? In the old movies of the early years, it was Chiang Kai-shek, and later on, all kinds of rehashed claims came out. And when scholar Tang Degang interviewed Zhang Xueliang, the late Zhang Xueliang also gave the most objective answer.

To Zhang Xueliang's own recollection, on the day of the September 18th Incident, his old man was watching a play at the Beiping Theater for fun. And then received a phone call, said Japan made trouble. Subsequently Zhang Xueliang telephone to consult the Nanjing National Government, answered the phone of the National Government Military Commission Office Director Xiong Bin, conveyed Chiang Kai-shek's order: can not fight.

But even though it was Nanking who said, "You can't fight," Zhang Xueliang said, "I gave the order not to resist."

And Zhang Xueliang even admitted that, not to mention September 18th, the Northeastern Army has always been in this style since he became the head of the house. Even if the Japanese soldiers provoked again, the northeastern soldiers could not fight back. The saying is "let you make trouble, I just do not resist". This habit continued until September 18th, when it finally led to a great shame!

Why this line of thinking? A few years later, Zhang Xueliang and warlord Yan Xishan also argued about this. In the face of Yan Xishan's questioning, Zhang Xueliang replied: the national government's treatment of Japan, not always like this? Are so peaceful, you see before the Jinan tragedy like that, is not also did not fight back? How do I know that the Japanese will suddenly make such a big deal? After the defense also expressed a determination: "I want to know that Japan is such a head, I dare to poke a hole in the sky, I still do not dare to do with them?"

Not only Zhang Xueliang himself said so, at the time of the "Ta Kung Pao", but also rare to Zhang Xueliang a sentence shouting injustice: "Whoever, at that time in the position of Zhang Xueliang, also have to do so."

This sentence is indeed the sharpest portrayal of the National Government at that time, which had become habitual of compromising and being weak to Japan.